ADDIE is a model is the process used by instructional designers and training developers. The five phases—Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation—represent a guideline for building effective training and performance tools.
It is an Instructional Systems Design (ISD) model. This model attempts to save time and money by catching problems while they are still easy to fix.
In the ADDIE model, each step has an outcome that feeds into the subsequent step.
Analysis > Design > Development > Implementation > Evaluation
Analysis Phase
In the analysis phase, instructional problem is clarified, the instructional goals and objectives are established and the learning environment and learner’s existing knowledge and skills are identified.
- Who is the audience and their characteristics?
- Identify the new behavioral outcome?
- What types of learning constraints exist?
- What are the delivery options?
- What is the timeline for project completion?
Design Phase
The design phase deals with learning objectives, assessment instruments, exercises, content, subject matter analysis, lesson planning and media selection.
- Documentation of the project’s instructional, visual and technical design strategy
- Apply instructional strategies according to the intended behavioral outcomes
- Create storyboards
- Design the user interface and user experience
- Prototype creation
- Apply visual design (graphic design)
Development Phase
The development phase is where the developers create and assemble the content assets that were created in the design phase. The project is reviewed and revised according to any feedback given.
Implementation Phase
During the implementation phase, a procedure for training the facilitators and the learners is developed. The facilitators’ training should cover the course curriculum, learning outcomes, method of delivery, and testing procedures. Preparation of the learners include training them on new tools (software or hardware), student registration.
Evaluation Phase
The evaluation phase consists of two parts: formative and summative. Formative evaluation is present in each stage of the ADDIE process. Summative evaluation consists of tests designed for domain specific criterion-related referenced items and providing opportunities for feedback from the users.
Examples of Evaluation Models:
